The American Israelite from Cincinnati, Ohio • P4

THE AMERICAN ISRAELITE. faiths of the multitude and they pos LIFE AND LETTERS. THE lEBICi ISRAELITE mous, and one of our daughters, Re-glna Newman, has just given us an opportunity to judge ot the great promise ot her future. The intimate association and identification of our children with the professional life of the city, state and country Is a thing to be proud of, and whilst the instances here produced arc but few and named oft-hand, they might furnish the basis for statistics that the native Jewish population of San Francisco and California furnishes an equally large percentage to the learned and elegant professions with any other Jewish center in the world. This fact, If proven, would remove the Impression that the West Is "wild and woolly." The steady growth of tho educational facilities of our state and community Is hailed by no element of the population with greater alacrity than by us of the Jewish stock.

Some day we will ask Llchtenstein, the Assistant Librarian of the great City Library of San Francisco, another native son, to put these statistics in competent form, as the most interesting chapter In the history of the Jewish community that could be furnished. Our men have done splendidly In finance, in commerce, in the exploitation of the resources of the state and in developing the wonderful capacities HISTORY OF AMERICA. There has been a decided growth of interest of late In historic studies, manifesting Itself nowhere more strongly than In reference to the pnst of our country. Accordingly many new histories of the United States have been appearing, some very long' and elaborate and others short and popular. Among the latter, we are glnd to welcome the "History of the United States." from 086 to 1905, by Col.

Thomas W. Hlgglnson and Prof. William MacDonald. It Is really based on an older book by Mr. Hlgglnson which, however, had not gone beyond the close of President Jackson's administration.

The present work not only covers the whole period of our history to the inauguration of President Roosevelt, but also takes us back briefly to the first discovery of the continent and its original inhabitants, "the first Americans." The authorship of the volume represents the ideal combination for a popular work, a famous man of letters and a professor of history. We then have both accuracy and literary flavor. People in quest of a short history of our country will like the book. (History of the United States, by Thomas W. Hlgglnson and William MacDonald, Hnr-per New York, 1905.) and ethical training, wo are compelled to observe that the trend of clvlliza.

tlon was false. And our loyalty to our convictions, our stubborn resistance ot the floods that invaded Europe were made our crimes. We suffered because we wero faithful, and hatred gives all kinds of names to our refusal to be carried along with the flood that, for good or evil, made of Europe what it is to-day. But, none the less have we been loyal to every Interest of the land of our birth. Tho prominence of Jews in professional life throughout the world, the result of absorbing the educational ideas and principles ot every generation, proves an assimilating force with which we are not generally credited.

Even America does not fully recognize this great force, and yet the American Jew stands pre-eminent in thorough assimilation with the life of the people, barring those differences ot faith and religious discipline to which he has fallen heir and which ho can not barter for a patting on tho back or a contemptible compliment that ho has becomo liberalized. We may be satis-fled with our people's achievements beneath the skies of the western hemisphere. We may go even further and foreshadow a glorious future tor our children, if only they will remain loyal to their traditions with the sanio great loyalty they exhibit towards tho land with the interests of which they are so fully and closely Identified. Is omon's judgment: Neither mine nor thine shall It be; you shall not teach Christianity, neither shall you teach any other religion, be it ever so colorless. As immigrants and foreigners we have to defend Americanism; as "God's chosen people," the kingdom of priests, we have to stand at the school door and drive away religion as an Intruder.

And yet the position which every thoughtful American Jew will take, almost Instinctively, anent this disputed question is one which Is consistent both with the spirit ot Jewish faith and the experience of Jewish history, as also with the enthusiastic patriotism of the American Jew. It is a question of protecting religion against her overzealous friends. An unsectarlan religion is a colorless chimera; there is no unsectarlan church for grown people; no minister has ever succeeded in framing a faith which would avoid the conflicts of sect and reconcile for any length of time, in one worship, the followers of diverse sects; among the hundreds of thousands of churches all over the world, we have not one unsectarlan church of the least Importance. Wherever we have succeeded in Introducing unsectarianlsm, in charity. In education.

In politics. It has been at the cost of banishing religion; wherever religion wedges for itself an cnlrance. In chaplalnshlps, opening prayers, denominational schools. It is In the garb of sectarianism. Shall the primary teacher be able to sess for one another a congeniality ot comradeship far in excess of that which grows out of the mere intercourse with the same circles of society.

The possibility is not yet excluded that there may appear an incompatibility of temperaments and habits; but there Is in all the world no greater heart-welder than common enthusiasm and common work. The Jewish soldiers captured nt fort Arthur state that there were about 2,000 Jewish soldiers stationed at Port Arthur, out of which six hun dred were killed and the rest taken prisoners of war. They speak very highly of the Japanese who, they any, on hearing that they were Jews treated them very kindly and considerately, a fact which they could not account for. Kvcry American, or Englishman, whether Jewish or Christian can readily understand why the Japanese should have a kindly feellug for these prisoners, for the Jews of these coun tries have been the friends of the Mikado's people since the outbreak of the war with Russia. Tills does not refer to the great Jewish financiers alone, but to common, every-duy folk as well.

The resolutions on "Family Ufe," adopted in executive session by the National Council of Women, are models of their kind. On subjects of this order a convention can only "resolve" to the extent of placing fine ideals be fore Its members. Not all resolutions are paving-stones on the downgrade; some of them serve the function or guide posts on the upward path. We need, just now, to be reminded that there are some things which can not be manufactured by the wholesale, cut out by machine after immovable pat terns, flung out at electric speed; that character, personality, principle are formed in the home by individual care and devotion. These resolutions are refreshingly free from all sectarianism; they do not even vindicate for Christianity any kind of religious or moral monopoly.

Unfortunately this implies that religion is altogether left out of account, which is rather an ominous. if Indirect, token that religion and Christianity mean one In the popular mind, even in the most liberal circles. It Is a pitiful spectacle to see a great country like Russia fed on empty rescripts and comforted by the appoint ment of dilatory commissions while it is in the throes of fermenting revolution and under the scourge of a gigantic war. Meantime the same con scienceless clique of bureaucrats which seeks safety in delay Is trying to pit class against class and race against race, the Jew suggesting himself as the natural scapegoat against whom to let loose the pent-up passions. Fortunate ly the Jews are now awake to their danger and ready to meet a desperate situation with desperate remedies.

The same government which can no more control an exasperated press, silence indignant meetings or exile great lead ers by administrative process, that same government finds itself too weak to control the sale of explosives and to wrest tho weupon from the hands of those who have their very lives and the virtue of their women to defend. The Jew lias never been in love with war or eager for military glory, but as a uefondcr of altars and homes his record challenges all others for a par allel of desperate bravery. RELIGION AND PUBLIC EDUCATION. We seem to have arrived, in the de velopment of our public school system, at the point when it will have to be definitely and finally determined whether our public education is to be altogether ot a secular character, or whether the public school Is to become the battlefield ot religious controversy. It Is, in all probability, neither a mere coincidence nor the result of a deep-laid plot that the question of introducing religious instruc tion Into the public school Bhould come Into the foreground of debate situul: tnneously in so many places.

We have simply reached that stage In our evolution nt which the churches feel themselves powerful enough to urge their claims, while the believers in absolute unsectarianlsm feel it their duty to In sist that whatever smacks of sectarian beliefs and sectarian practices should be Incontinently banished from pub lic instruction. The battle is joined and the next few years arc likely to decide whether our public schools will continue neutral meeting ground be tween the children of nil classes and faiths or whether they will be employed as nurseries for the various theological interpretations of the respective sects. Just now the City of Washington seems to be the arena of the hottest conflict. Here tho agitation for re ligionizing the public school has proceeded in the most aggressive and sys tematic manner; committees were organized, reports presented, the ques tion was thoroughly ventilated in ar ticles, interviews and pamphlets until, as might have been predicted, dis cussion has risen to the heat of crim ination and recrimination. A petition will be presented to the Board of Edu cation asking for tho adoption of a iectionary; in the end, no doubt, the matter will be carried to the courts for flnnl decision.

That the Jews should have to op pose the introduction of religious teaching is on more than one ground deplorable. It places him in the position of one who is indifferent to tho cause of religion, whose sympathies are with atheist and infidel; a small minority, he says to the Christian majority, like the false mother of Sol By H. G. Enelow. RASIIl ASH MAIMUN.

In the January-February Issue ot the Monatsschrift fuer Oesohichtc untl Wissenschaft des Judenthums, which has Just appeared. Professor W. 'Bacher has a very Instructive paper on Rashi and Maimun, the occasion being the seventh centenary of Mai- mun's death, which occurred last De cember, and the eighth centenary of the death of Rashi, which will fall on the 1st of August this year. The comparison between the illustrious commentator ot Troyes and the famous philosopher of Cairo is very fascinating and full of suggestion. Professor Bacher, at the outset, alludes to the fact that Jewish history has come to look on these centuries of the gloomy middle age as an epoch of peculiar splendor.

"In the paradoxical designation the fundamental characteristic of our history is expressed, according to which it Is not external success that" determines the greatness and glory of an epoch but rather durable and' effective manifestations of tho spiritual life. "Thus these centuries in question embrace the life ot Saadya, who was born in 892, and Rashi and Maimun. The two latter, Professor Bacher tells us, represent two different types of the Jewish spirit and two different tendencies in the medieval development ot Judaism." Rashi was a commentator, above all, and clung close to the field ot tradition and Its lore. But in Maimun we find added to Jewish Ideal ot traditional learning another ideal, the home of which was Greece, and which, by way of Arabic culture, drew many prominent sons of Israel upon Its path; by independent thought, following the law of reason, to penetrate into the mysteries of nature, and by gradually ascending knowledge to rise to a cognition or God and tho world." Thus Rashi and Maimun embody the two types of medieval Jewish scholarship; the one Interprets the contents of tradition, the other seeks scientifically to system atize it all. Moreover, they both re flect the methods and the culture of their environment; Maimun having grown up in the atmosphere of Moorish enlightenment, which had assimilated the best of classic culture as well; while Rashi was brought up In Christian Europe, which at that time had lost the connection with the thought and life of the ancients.

T11K JKW IX FICTION. Since its publication fifteen years ago. Dr. Phfllp8on's hook on "The Jew In English Fiction" has attained wide and well-deserved popularity. The original edition contained critical studies of some ot the most prominent Jewish characters In English fiction.

such as Marlowe's "Jew of Malta," Shyjock, Cumberland's "The Jew." as well as the Jewish men and women drawn by Foote. Dickens, D'lsraell an George Eliot. The book was received very well and may be said to have served as an Incentive to the study of the literary portrayal of the Jew. It was a pioneer In the field and bus since had some imitators on a smaller scale. About two years ago.

however, a second edition was brought out and Is now sent for review. In its new form the book merits a fresh word of commendation. It contains a long, new chapter. In which Dr. Phllipson deals with the comparatively recent Jewish type in English literature, the Jew of the ghetto.

In Oerninn letters that type had been known for some time, having been introduced and repeatedly depleted by men like Koin- pert, Kohn, and others. But in English letters he was first given worthy introduction by Mr. Israel Znngwlll In "Children of the Ghetto." Dr. Phllipson pays duo tribute to Mr. Znngwlll's fine art us doplctor of tho Ghetto and discoverer of Its hidden sublimity and splendor of soul.

Samuel Gordon, a younger writer of the same school, is also men tioned and his leading works exam ined, while the American writers of this class are represented by Abra ham Cahan. Dr. Phllipson writes very fluently and the book can be heartily recommended. It Is a pity that the now chapter should show marks of haste in its punctuation ond division of sentences, something that should be remedied in a new issue, which should also be provided with an index. (The Jew In English Fiction, by David Phllipson; The Robert" Clarke Company, 1903.) A Thief: Life.

Mr. Hutchlns Hapgood, whose work on "Tho Spirit of the Ghetto" has attracted some attention, is responsible for putting In the form of a book the Autobiography of a Thief." Both the style and the matter of the volume leave no doubt as to the authenticity of the author and as to the correct ness of his statement that he had been a professional thief for over twenty years, spending half of that time in prison and the other half in tho practice ot his profession. His field of operation lay In the vicinity of the New York Ghetto, nnd we catch a glimpse In his memoirs of some of the depraved characters that infest that overcrowded section ot the metropo lis. The book can not be said to pre sent very elevating reading, but it Is surely an Interesting human document and contains some observations that nre very true, though they really seem trite to the student. Humane readers.

who can perceive and ever look for the soul ot good in things evil, will find some stimulus here to greater sympathy for the unfortunate delinquent of our penal institutions and some very apt and true remarks on what intelligent and benevolent offi cials can do towards molding a better future for criminals. There Is also a very Interesting reference to a visit ot Mr. Booth to Sing Sing, also the hollowness and futility of most of the conversions achieved on that and similar occasions. Here and there in the book we find mention of a Jowlsh criminal, which serves to emphasize our duty in all movements that tend to cleanse and uplift the lower strata ot society, usually Immersed In the dense ly peopled quarter ot our cities. Autobiography of a Thief," recorded by Hutchlns Hapgood: Fox.

JJuffleld 19011.) EDITED DT ISAAC M. WISE, July 4th, 1854, to March 2Gth, 1900. LEO WISE Pl'IlLISHEnS AMI PltOI-aiETORS. Omen N. W.

Cor. Fifth and Race Sts. Telephone, Main 1013. Vestebs Office, G. Goldberg, 324 Dearborn Chicago.

Entered as second-class mall matter at the Post Office at Cincinnati, Ohio. Subscription Price, Per Year, Postage to Europe, Per Year, $2.50 $1.00 Betrothal, Marriage, Birth and Death Notices, each. To Subscribers, Special 3.00 Resolutions Fifty counted lines or less, exclusive of heading and signatures 5.00 For each additional line 10 Congregational Advertisements, two inches, each 2.00 Rates for display advertisements will be made known on application. CINCINNATI, APRIL 27, 1905. JEVVI8H CALENDAR.

8665 A. M. 1905. Pri. May Moon lyar.

Tuesday, May 23 B'Omer (33d day of Omer). Sunday, June 4 New Moon sivan. Friday. June 9 1st day of Pentecost. Mon.

ft; July Moon Tammux. Thursday, July 20. of Tammus. Wednesday, Aug. Moon Av.

Thursday. Aug. of Av. Thu. Aug.

31. Sept. 1 New Moon Ellul. Saturday, Sept. 30..

Year (HG6). 5666 A. M. 1905. Monday, Oct.

2 Fast of Gedallah. Monday, Oct. 9 Yom Kippur. Saturday, Oct. 14 day of Tabernacle Friday.

Oct. 20 Hoshannah-Itabbah. Baturdny, Oct. 21 Sunday. Oct.

22 Slmchas-Torah. Oct. Moon Cbeshvan Moon Klslev. Saturday, Dec. 23..

day of Chanukab Moon TeboL 5666 A. M. 1906. Bunday. Jan.

7 Fast of Tebet. Saturday. Jan. 27.. Moon Bh'vat.

Bun. Feb. 25.26.Ncw Moon Adar. Saturday, Mnrch 10.. of Esther.

(Observed on previous Thursday.) Tuesday, March 27.. Moon NlMan. Tuesday, April 10.. day of Passover. 2S-2CRosh-Chadesh.

Bunday, May 13 Lug-B'Omer (33d day of Friday. May 25 New Moon Slvan. Wednesday. May 80.. 1st day of Pentecost.

June Moon Tammus. Tuesday, July 10 of Tammux. Monday, July 23 New Moon Av. Tuesday, July 31 of Av. Aug.21-23New Moon Ellul.

Thursday, Sopt. 20... New Year (GCfTT), Under the law of the land, no leas than by the Inherent desire of the people of this Republic ever since Its foundation every good citizen Is en-titled to the enjoyment of equal rights and privileges, entirely Independent of his race or his religious belief. Nor should this equality become confined to our own boundaries, but each and every citizen of the United States has the right to expect that those In charge of the Government will Insist that equal rights and privileges be granted by other nations, with whom we are In friendly Intercourse, to all American citizens Irrespective of their religious belief. i Thews Is some the nntt-lmmigratlon measure which has passed its first reading in the English House of Commons may be adopted during the present session; Bhould it fail of.

adoption again, as it did, owing to the obstructive tactics of the opposition during, the last session, little will be gained beyond the temporary delay. Tiic "alien" has, outside ot Jewish cir. cits, few and only lukewarm friends, while his enemies seem to be multiplying under an imagined floodtide ot immigration which Is exaggerated out of ah proportion by the sensational alarmists of the press. The effect ot every such bill is to make of poverty a crime; the penniless immigrant Is treated as a vagrant and pauper, no matter how outrageously he may have been stripped of all his belongings in Russia, no matter bow promising material he may furnish for future citizenship. The Jew is thrust naked out of doors by a barbarous country and coldly locked out as a beggar by the civilized sister-country.

Presumably, It is Christian civilization to tell the poor man to go elsewhere; the parable of the Samaritan has no application to politics; let the robbed and beaten man recover from his wounds in the dust where he Is lying. It Is easily understood why so much fuss is made over the Stokes-Pastor engagement, though such affairs arc private business and ought to escape public discusBlon. Marriages between Jew and Christian are a common occurrence; but as a rule they take place among those of equal social standing; or where there is striking inequality of rank It is because some black sheep has been disgracing his or her family by descending to mate with a social inferior. In the present case It appears that common iiKyile of a high order and Joint humanitarian pursuits have been strong enough to overleap every barrier of rank, wealth and faith, and still more remarkable, that the bridegroom's family approves ot the match. This state of affairs is principally exceptional insofar as Ideals are ingrained enough to overcome the most obstinate, not only ot prejudices and conventions, but even of beliefs and attachments.

It is an exception which confirms the rule. People who differ In descent, associations, social habits and religious convictions will, in the overwhelming majority of cases, find themselves unfitted for the close and intimate companionship of marriage; but where two beings are passionately devoted to one noble life aim in the pursuit of which they find their happiness, they shore a religion far more Intense than the of the native Northwest; but in the recital ot this distinguished pioneer ing we are apt to forget that the life- blood ot our native youth is strong and teeming and that it asserts Itself with the vigor of its ancestry. And our youth is not wholly commercial, as we have Instanced. On tho contrary. Its trend is towards professional life, and though the Instances ot native California Jews who have at tained to national reputation are as yet but few, their present acndentlc careers justify the safe prediction that they will be heard from and maintain the high standard they have already established.

We append this as a running commentary to the notice of the deserved distinction that has como to young Dr. Adolph Baer, who not very many years ago was a Sabbath-school boy in our Sutter Street Temple Emanu-EI. This Identification ot the Jew with the varied and diversified interests ot the country in which he lives is not a new phenomenon, but rather an historical fact thot Is given but insufficient consideration. It derives Its importance from the ambition of the Jews to make their own existence as decent as possible. An arrogant and unsound anti-Semitism Interprets this ambition as the selfish desire of a nationality, stranger to the land, to subjugate the natives and to Ingather the spoils of commerce.

Stupid as the charge is it has become historical, because prejudice finds an easy lodgment in tho hearts of Ignorant and uncultured people. The facts or history point to opposite conclusions. The Jew is a stranger nowhere, and of whatever came to the nations by peaceful or warlike occupancy he enjoys a legitimate share. Russia is as much his Inheritance as the Slav's. Long before Ivan the Terrible consolidated the empire as early as Rurlk and his Hun-nlsh hordes the Jew was resident In Russia.

When Charlemagne became the tool of an ambitious church to subjugate the free Saxons, he levied taxes on the Jews of the Rhine, whose fathers had been there before the Frank invaders. No Spanish Goth Is as legitimate a Spaniard as the Jew, who came to Spain with the Roman invasion, it not earlier, and whose homes in Andalusia and Arrangon were venerable already when the descendants ot the Abd-Brrahman established the great Moorish schools. The Jew Is an older resident of Rome than the Popes. He was expelled from France lone before the French nation was created out of the nationalities that warred upon each other between the Seine, the MoseUe and the Pyrenees. He was a resident of England before St.

Augustine, and as to America, before the Pilgrims landed at the Rock, the Jew had already sown the seeds of civilization in the new communities ot Brazil. This is no boast, but a fact, Intending to show for the thousandth time how dreadfully stupid it is to look upon the Jew as an alien or to refuse him recognition as a factor In tho growth of a community. It Is juBt a bit too customary to class Jews as Individuals whose main business is to make money, though It is not exactly stated what they intend to do with the great fortunes they accumulate. Now the history of civilization, as it affects European and American countries, would be incomplete without a record of what Jews in every part of tho world have contributed to education, to science, or the dissemination of the elements ot social progress. Imprisoned as they were, during the centuries of Intellectual depression known as tho Middle Ages, they yet contributed their legitimate share to that ideal, invisible and Intangible progress that with the suddenness of fury came at the end of the eighteenth century to overthrow the ancient but frail structures of social and political life.

That Is to say, the Jew has never beerr a stranger to the life of his country or the' intellect of his times and yet in the spiritual and economic destiny which antl-Se-mltic fanatics seem anxious to carve out for the world he is denied the pinco that belongs to him, not by the great tolerance of his hosts, but by legitimate inheritance as descended unto him from his fathers tor fifty generations! That Is a point that we must Insist upon. The European nntlons hove no greater claims to the soil ot Europe than we have. We refuse to be tolerated by those who can not substantiate their right of primogeniture. The position we take is that our entrance into the life of the Occident has been the result of circumstances so fatal, so totally destructive of ancient conditions that they could not, and can never be, recalled. Therefore have we gone into the life of the Occident, with a determination to contribute our best, and We have done it.

There is not a single proof extant that the loyalty of the Jew has been of less degree than the loyalty of Christian or pagan. Our sufferings, our persecutions have been not because of attributes that made us objectionable as an element in national life, rather because, from our religious "The Celibates Club." by Israel Zangwlll ($1.50. The Macmtllon 66 Fifth New York), Is a series of stories giving the most whimsical of reasons for having married. They are in Zangwlll's bright, epigrammatic form nnd the humor, though occasionally a trifle forced, is most abundant. The Monatsschrift Is now the organ of the Ocscllschaft fur tier Foerdcruny der Wissensvhaft des Judenthums, the second annual report of which is included in the present issue.

The society is doing good work and both by subvention and direct publication is furthering the appearance of excellent Jewish and kindred books. One of Its large projects is the publication of a series of treatises on Judaism and Jew ish history, the first three ot which are promised for the current year. Dr. Kohler's "Systematlsche Theol- ogle" is to lead off. It is a pity that our own Publication Society could not have done some work along this line.

Even now it seems that nn arrange ment to Issue the publications of the German Society In an English version might-serve a good purpose. Books Received. (Some of these books are reserved for later notice.) Jackson. G. Mother and Daughter (Harper's).

Ward, Mrs. Humphrey, The Marriage of William Ashe (Harper's). lrflHanisoii. C. -V.

and A. The Princess Passes (Holt). Stevenson, if. The Marathon Mystery (Holt). Sinclair, May, The Divine Fire (Holt).

Shakespeare, edited with notes by Wm. J. Rolfe, 25 volumes (American Book Co). English Texts. Gateway Series, edited by Henry Vnn Dyke, 11 volumes.

(American Book Co.) VARIED ACTIVITIES OF JEWS OF CALIFORNIA. Dr. Adolph Bner, demonstrator in anatomy In the Dental Faculty of the University of California, has just gone east to fill an engagement to deliver a special course of lectures before the Dental Faculty of Harvard University. This is an occnslon of special rejoicing to Dr. Baer's friends who hnve watched the academic career of this young Callfornlan with particular delight and who anticipate for him the scientific honors which are his due.

We expect great things from Adolph Baer in the Harvard rostrum. Incidentally, a word may be said on the remarkable career of some native CaMfornlan Jews. Children of pioneers from all countries, they have taxed tho educational resources of California to the utmost. It Is utterly a mistake to think that they are wedded to commercial life. On the contrary, the professions have the greatest attraction for them, and they excel In all they undertake.

They furnish a notable percentage of the sttidcni bodies in our universities. Jaffe, a native Callfornlan, Is an eminent member of the Faculty of the College of Agriculture In the University of California nnd a man of national reputation. George Mlchelson, Felix Lengfeld nnd Albert L-achmnn, nil native sons, are chemists ot distinguished scientific reputation. Charles Mlchelson and his sister Miriam, as well as the gentle Emma Wolf, were born In San Francisco. Joseph Erlanger, Assistant Professor or Philosophy in Johns Hopkins Unl-veryslty, was born on California Street.

Edgar Walter, the sculptor; Ernest Peixotto, Joseph Grccncbaum, Annie Bremer, painters of distinction, nre natives of our city. Some of our most distinguished physicians, like Hirschfelder and AbramB, arc Callfor-nians. Among the younger physicians many, like I.evison, are attaining distinction in surgery or In special branches of medical science. The legal fraternity numbers representatives like Lester Jacobs, whose distinguished academic career was but the prelude to an equally prominent professional life. Our Doctor of Philosophy, the only American Jewess who ever attained to this distinction, Jessica Peixotto, is a "native daughter." In the dental profession Adolph Baer stands eminent, and he represents a number of young Jewish doctors who are rapidly making names for themselves.

Albert Lansburgh, of the Beaux Arts of Paris; Alfred Jacobs, a young Master ot Science of the Boston Polytechnic, are instances of young San Franciscans who will become famous architects. The number ot young Jewish civil engineers, electricians and geological experts is constantly increasing. The number of teachers both in tho high schools and in the public schools Is remarkably large. In this profession Mary Prag, who, if not born here, was a child when her parents arrived, early in 1850, has been a conspicuous and notable example to emulate, and she still maintains her brilliant reputation. There are at the present time m'ore than one hundred Jewish teachers in the local school department.

In music our young men like Slgmund Beel and Henry Heyman have become fa the one loyalty incompatible with tho other? Let history answer. Thus far at least It has proved that there Is tho completest Identity between a steadfast Judaism and the most pronounced civic patriotism. Jacoh VonnsAN-eKii. REMINISCENCES OF PERU, IND JEWS. The Editor of the "Republican" Give Some of His Recollections of Them.

The romoval of Louis Affelder and family to St. Louis is another reminder that a great many of our Jewish citizens have left us by removal or death. Since the writer has been idea, tilled with the Republican almost tho entire Jewish population has changed. Twenty-five years ago and for a quarter of a century previous to that date two prominent families were those of Charles F. and Herman E.

Sterne. The heads of both famlllcB are dead and tho children aro no long, er la Peru. Moses Folk, the pioneer of all the Jews In Peru, died over twenty years ago, and his large family have all married and moved away except his son Julius, who is still with us and doing well in keeping up the family name. Jacob Baer died years ago and his family have all moved olsewherc except his widow and Mrs. Jerome Hcrtr.

Hirsch Baer died a few years ago. His widow and children are still In Peru. Abram Lehman and family have moved to Indianapolis. Mrs. William Levi, a daughter of Moses Falk.

died a few years ago. The two sons are In business elsewhere nnd two daughters are married, one living in Indianapolis and the other In Hartford City. Sol Kahn and family have moved to Albany, Ga. Henry Kittner, once la business here with his brother David, died some ten years ago. Moses Oppenheimer died some fifteen years ago; his widow remains in Peru, but his daughter is married and lives in New York City.

Lewis Mer-gentbeim, who succeeded Mr. Oppenheimer in the management of the Peru Woolen Mills, died from tho effects ot an accident, and his two sisters who lived with him have gone to New York. Harry W. Strotise and his family and David Strouse and his mother and two sisters have all moved east. Moses Rosenthal died within tho last year and Joe Rosenthal died a few years ago.

Jacob Kraus and family have moved away, and A. Scbicssing-er, who for a time had a Btore In the Zern block, moved west, Elijah Meyer, who was once in business with Julius FalK, has for a long time lived In Michigan City, and Simon Bernard, who was In business on Broadway, left years ago, as did Philip Warner, who had a clothing store next to Hale's, and his son Sam, who was a jeweler. We should not forget Henry Sterne, who was appointed consul at Budapest in 1880 and died a few years ago at Stuttgart. A recent removal to Chicago Is that of our old friend Nathan J. Landauer.

There may be others who have died or removed, but we do not recall them. It is proper to say in conclusion that we have a good many fine Jewish families still with us anil we hope tho number will not grow loss. SHOULD CITIZENSHIP BE DENIED ZIONISTS. The principles of Zionism and its suporters were attacked by Professor ij. ueiger, ot Berlin, In a brochure which he recently published.

He would deprive German Zionists of the rights and privileges ot German citizenship. No one, he contends, should enjoy them who does not fully share tho national aspirations. As a protest against these views, nn indignation meeting has been held In Berlin, where it was declared that Professor Gelgcr was unfit to hold a seat at the Board of Jewish Representatives. A Warning. To feel tired after exertion Is one to feel tired before Is another.

Don't say the latter is laziness It isn't; but it's a sign that the. system lacks vitality, is running: down, and needs the tonic effect of Hood's Sarsa- paruia. It's a warnlnE. too and sufferers should begin taking Hood's at once. ouy a bottle to-day.

(Grands and Uprights) received THE GRAND PRIX (Highest Award) at the- ParisTExposition, 1900, You are cordially Invited to call and examine these world-renowned Instruments. D.H.Baldwin&Co. 141-144 W. 4th Cincinnati, Ohio. We tune, move nd piano i Baldwin Piano accomplish what the specially trained minister can not? Will the child grasp the abstraction and vaguenesses of an unsectarlan faith, when the adults can not? Can we entrust the average teacher of our public school with the task of expounding a world-faith and can we ever feel assured that he or she will not yield to the temptation (consciously or unconsciously) of transmitting sectarian bias? Shall we stake our religious liberty and the justice which treats all citizens alike on the remote chance that it might be possible to embody religious agreements so that they could bo taught impartially by primary teachers and grasped by chil dren? Shall we endanger the advan tages of the secular school for the phantom of a Iectionary which is to accomplish whatever church and home and religious school have failed In? Do we, as Jews, feel that character and self-control and mora principle must be taught by rote, under school discipline, rnthor thnn by example and intimate intercourse at home? Are these things simply to be added to the magazine of the child's Information, to be examined and marked, and are we to expect from such methods the diminution of crime, the puri fication of society? it has been the favorite argument of those who have sought to force religion down the unwilling throat that majorities have a right to dictate.

This is true, up to the door of spirit ual freedom. I can be forced to abstain from labor on the plea that my labor disturbs the vast majority. But no majority can impose unwelcome religious teachings upon ever so Insignificant minority; nor con the ma jority compel the dissident to support a religious Instruction of which he disapproves. Finally, as has been pointed out, it is as hazardous an undertaking to yoke religion with the state as it would be to wed church with state. No one can as yet say nt what point re ligion ends and sectarian teaching begins.

We arc far as yet from being able to view sectarian differences with sufficient calmness to be able to de limit with clearness and precision the existing common ground. In the meantime it will be sufficient to leave well enough alone and to direct whatever energy may be thirsting for new conquests to tho homo where personal Influence and patient training will accomplish what text-books and recitations will never supplant. Max Hklleil REACHING EASTWARD. Union of American Hebrew Congregations Introduces Circuit Preaching In Western Pennsylvania. In Now Cnstlc, a new congregation has been established by the representative of the U.

A. H. C. Mr. I.

Cosel Is ehnlrmnn of the organization. Rabbi J. B. Grossman, of Yattngstown, will visit New Castle twice each month to conduct services and superintend 'the- Sabbath-school. In Tltusville, a congregation of long standing has decided to Introduce circuit preaching.

Rabbi Max C. Cur-rlck, of Erie, has been invited to visit the city twice each month to conduct the Sabbath-school and lecture. Mr. I. Stretthelmer is president of the angrcgatlon and conducts the services every Friday evening in tho temple belonging to the congregation.

In Oil City. about 15 families, not belonging to the existing congregation, hnve organized to hold services every other week under the guidance-ship of Rabbi Max C. Currick, of Erie. Pa. Mr.

I. Baer is president, of the congregation. The Council of Jewish Women has undertaken to establish a Sabbath-school. THE STOKES-PASTOR EPISODE. It Is only a conspicuous instance of tho amalgamation of races that is going on everywhere over this country, and that will eventually blend the varying characteristics into a new American type.

Cynics may doubt if this particular union will prove happy and lasting, but there is 310 reason why a keenly intellectual Russian Jewess should not bo fully equal to the ordeal of marrying even a scion ot New York's Four Hundred. As a general proposition, too, tho Four Hundred is not likely to bo harmed by an Infusion of new blood. Indianapolis, Neios..